Modulation Techniques

Modulation techniques refer to the methods used to modify a carrier signal in order to transmit information. In space and astronautical engineering, modulation techniques are used to transmit data between spacecraft and ground stations, as well as between spacecraft in space. The most common modulation techniques used in space communications include amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation (PM), and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). AM involves varying the amplitude of the carrier signal to represent the information being transmitted, while FM involves varying the frequency. PM involves varying the phase of the carrier signal, and QAM involves varying both the amplitude and phase. Modulation techniques are important in space communications because they allow for efficient use of bandwidth and enable reliable transmission of data over long distances.
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