Modulation

Modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a high-frequency periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with respect to a modulating signal. In space and astronautical engineering, modulation is used to transmit information through electromagnetic waves. The modulating signal can be an analog signal, such as voice or music, or a digital signal, such as computer data. The carrier signal is usually a high-frequency electromagnetic wave, such as a radio wave or a microwave. Modulation techniques used in space and astronautical engineering include amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation (PM), and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). These techniques are used in various applications, such as satellite communication, deep space communication, and radar systems.
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