Atmospheric Interference

Atmospheric interference refers to the effects of Earth's atmosphere on the transmission and reception of signals between spacecraft and ground stations. The atmosphere can cause signal attenuation, distortion, and delay, which can degrade the quality and reliability of communication links. The main causes of atmospheric interference are absorption, scattering, and refraction of electromagnetic waves by atmospheric gases, clouds, and other particles. The severity of atmospheric interference depends on the frequency, polarization, and power of the signals, as well as the altitude, weather conditions, and location of the spacecraft and ground stations. To mitigate atmospheric interference, engineers use various techniques such as frequency planning, antenna design, modulation schemes, error correction codes, and adaptive equalization.
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