Omnidirectional Antennas
Omnidirectional antennas are antennas that radiate or receive electromagnetic waves equally in all directions in a flat, two-dimensional geometric plane. In space and astronautical engineering, omnidirectional antennas are used for communication purposes, where the antenna needs to receive or transmit signals from any direction without the need for pointing or tracking. Omnidirectional antennas are commonly used in spacecraft, satellites, and other space vehicles to communicate with Earth or other spacecraft. They are also used in ground stations to communicate with spacecraft in orbit. The performance of an omnidirectional antenna is measured by its gain, radiation pattern, and polarization. The gain of an omnidirectional antenna is the measure of its ability to direct energy in a particular direction. The radiation pattern of an omnidirectional antenna is the graphical representation of its radiation properties in space. The polarization of an omnidirectional antenna is the orientation of its electric field with respect to the Earth's surface.
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