Geological Repositories

Geological repositories are underground facilities designed to safely store and isolate radioactive waste from the environment for a period of time until the radioactivity has decayed to a level that is no longer hazardous. The design of geological repositories takes into account the geological, hydrogeological, and geochemical characteristics of the host rock formation to ensure that the waste is isolated from the biosphere and does not pose a risk to human health or the environment. The waste is typically stored in engineered containers made of materials that are resistant to corrosion and radiation damage. The repository is designed to provide multiple barriers to prevent the release of radioactive material, including the waste form, the container, the buffer material, and the host rock. The safety of geological repositories is assessed through a combination of laboratory experiments, computer simulations, and field tests.
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