Analog Modulation

Analog modulation is the process of varying the properties of a high frequency periodic waveform, called carrier signal, with respect to the instantaneous value of another waveform, called modulating signal, which contains the information to be transmitted. The purpose of analog modulation is to transfer the information from the low frequency modulating signal to the high frequency carrier signal, so that it can be transmitted over long distances through the atmosphere or space. The most common types of analog modulation are amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM). In AM, the amplitude of the carrier signal is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating signal. In FM, the frequency of the carrier signal is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating signal. In PM, the phase of the carrier signal is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating signal.
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