Thylakoid Membranes
Thylakoid membranes are a system of flattened membranous sacs inside chloroplasts that are responsible for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. These membranes contain the pigments and proteins necessary for capturing and converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, which are used to power the synthesis of glucose and other organic compounds. The thylakoid membranes are organized into stacks called grana, which are connected by unstacked regions called stroma lamellae. The arrangement of the thylakoid membranes and the pigments and proteins they contain are optimized for efficient light absorption and energy transfer, and are highly adaptable to changes in light intensity and quality.
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