Cardiac Output
Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. In the context of space and astronautical engineering, cardiac output is an important physiological parameter to monitor in astronauts during spaceflight. The microgravity environment of space can cause changes in the cardiovascular system, including a decrease in blood volume and a redistribution of fluids in the body. These changes can lead to a decrease in cardiac output, which can have negative effects on an astronaut's health and performance. Monitoring cardiac output can help identify these changes and inform countermeasures to mitigate their effects. This can include exercise programs, fluid loading, and medication. In addition, understanding the effects of spaceflight on cardiac output can inform the design of future spacecraft and habitats to better support the cardiovascular health of astronauts.
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