Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs)
Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) are highly sensitive magnetometers that use superconducting loops to detect extremely small magnetic fields. SQUIDs are used in a variety of applications, including biomagnetism, geophysics, and materials science. They are particularly useful for measuring the magnetic fields generated by the human brain and heart, as well as for detecting magnetic anomalies in the Earth's crust. SQUIDs operate at very low temperatures, typically below 4 Kelvin, and require careful shielding from external magnetic fields. They are also highly sensitive to noise and require sophisticated electronics to operate. Despite these challenges, SQUIDs have become an essential tool in many areas of science and technology.
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