Spacecraft Orbit


In the context of aerospace engineering, a spacecraft orbit refers to the path that a spacecraft follows around a celestial body under the influence of its gravitational field. The shape of the orbit is determined by the velocity and direction of the spacecraft at the time of launch, as well as the mass and distance of the celestial body. There are several types of orbits that a spacecraft can follow, including circular, elliptical, parabolic, and hyperbolic orbits. A circular orbit is one where the spacecraft moves around the celestial body in a circle at a constant speed. An elliptical orbit is an elongated circle, where the spacecraft's speed varies depending on its distance from the celestial body. Parabolic and hyperbolic orbits are escape orbits, where the spacecraft has enough velocity to escape the gravitational pull of the celestial body. The choice of orbit is crucial in mission planning and can affect the success of the mission.


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