Seebeck Effect
Seebeck Effect is the phenomenon of generating an electromotive force (EMF) and hence a current in a circuit made up of two dissimilar metals when the junctions of the metals are maintained at different temperatures. This effect is due to the difference in the electron density of states in the two metals, which causes the electrons to diffuse from the hot junction to the cold junction, resulting in a potential difference. In space and astronautical engineering, Seebeck Effect is used in thermoelectric generators to convert heat into electrical energy, which is useful in spacecraft and satellites where solar panels are not feasible or efficient. The efficiency of thermoelectric generators is determined by the figure of merit, which is the ratio of the electrical conductivity to the thermal conductivity of the material.
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