Radiation Effects
Radiation Effects refer to the impact of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on spacecraft, astronauts, and equipment. Ionizing radiation includes high-energy particles such as protons, electrons, and heavy ions that can cause damage to biological tissues and electronic components. Non-ionizing radiation includes electromagnetic radiation such as radio waves, microwaves, and infrared radiation that can cause thermal effects and interfere with communication systems. Radiation Effects can cause a range of problems including radiation sickness, increased risk of cancer, degradation of solar cells, and disruption of electronic systems. To mitigate these effects, spacecraft and spacesuits are designed with shielding materials, and astronauts are monitored for radiation exposure. Additionally, spacecraft are equipped with radiation-hardened electronic components and communication systems to withstand the harsh space environment.
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