Pair Production
Pair production is a phenomenon in which a gamma ray photon is converted into an electron-positron pair in the presence of a nucleus or an electron. This process requires a minimum energy of 1.02 MeV, which is the rest mass energy of the electron-positron pair. Pair production is an important process in high-energy physics and astrophysics, as it is responsible for the production of electron-positron pairs in gamma ray bursts, pulsars, and other high-energy astrophysical phenomena. In addition, pair production is used in medical imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), where a positron-emitting radionuclide is introduced into the body and the resulting annihilation radiation is detected to produce an image of the body's internal structure.
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