International Geophysical Year
International Geophysical Year (IGY) was a global scientific collaboration that lasted from July 1957 to December 1958. It was an effort to gather data about the Earth and its environment, including the atmosphere, oceans, and polar regions. The IGY involved scientists from 67 countries who set up research stations around the world to conduct experiments and collect data. The IGY was a significant milestone in the history of space exploration, as it led to the launch of the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, by the Soviet Union in 1957. The IGY also led to the establishment of the Antarctic Treaty System, which regulates international relations with respect to Antarctica, and the creation of the World Data Center system, which archives and distributes scientific data.
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