Instrument Approach
In the context of aerospace engineering, an Instrument Approach is a series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing or to a point from which a landing may be made visually. It is prescribed and published for each airport by competent authority. The procedure is designed to provide an IFR descent from an en route environment to a point where safe landing can be made. The Instrument Approach Procedure (IAP) charts depict the procedures that provide the transition from the en route phase of flight to the runway, while considering terrain and obstacle clearance, navigational aid reception, communications, and local traffic control procedures. The procedure involves the use of radio navigation systems, such as VOR, ILS, GPS, etc., to guide the aircraft. The pilot must be trained in instrument flight and the aircraft must be equipped with the necessary equipment to interpret the signals from the navigation aids.
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