Defects
In space and astronautical engineering, defects refer to any imperfections or irregularities in materials or structures that can compromise their performance or safety. Defects can occur during manufacturing, assembly, or operation, and can take various forms such as cracks, voids, inclusions, delaminations, or deformations. Defects can affect the mechanical, thermal, electrical, or optical properties of materials and structures, and can lead to failure or malfunction under stress, fatigue, or environmental conditions. Detecting and characterizing defects is crucial for ensuring the quality and reliability of space systems, and for preventing catastrophic events. Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques such as X-ray, ultrasound, eddy current, or thermography are commonly used to inspect materials and structures for defects. Defects can also be mitigated or repaired by various methods such as welding, brazing, bonding, or coating.
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