Aerodynamic Drag
Aerodynamic drag is the force that opposes the motion of an object through the atmosphere. In space and astronautical engineering, aerodynamic drag is an important consideration for spacecraft during launch and re-entry. During launch, spacecraft must overcome the drag caused by the atmosphere in order to reach orbit. During re-entry, the drag must be carefully managed to ensure that the spacecraft does not burn up or experience excessive heating. Aerodynamic drag is affected by a number of factors, including the shape and size of the spacecraft, the speed at which it is traveling, and the density of the atmosphere. Engineers use a variety of techniques to minimize aerodynamic drag, including the use of streamlined shapes, heat shields, and retro-rockets.
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