Space Shuttle Program
The Space Shuttle Program was a NASA initiative that aimed to develop a reusable spacecraft system for transportation of crew and cargo into low Earth orbit. The program was operational from 1981 to 2011 and consisted of five orbiters: Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour. The Space Shuttle was launched vertically, like a rocket, and landed horizontally, like an airplane, on a runway. The program had many achievements, including the launch and servicing of the Hubble Space Telescope, the construction of the International Space Station, and the deployment of numerous scientific and communication satellites. However, the program also experienced two tragic accidents, the loss of Challenger in 1986 and Columbia in 2003, which resulted in the deaths of 14 astronauts. The Space Shuttle Program was retired in 2011, and NASA shifted its focus to developing new spacecraft systems for deep space exploration.
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