Physical Layer Functions

In space and astronautical engineering, the physical layer functions refer to the lowest layer of the communication system that deals with the transmission and reception of the raw bit stream over a physical medium. The physical layer functions include modulation, coding, and synchronization. Modulation is the process of converting the digital data into analog signals that can be transmitted over the physical medium. Coding is the process of adding redundancy to the data to detect and correct errors that may occur during transmission. Synchronization is the process of aligning the transmitter and receiver clocks to ensure that the data is transmitted and received at the same rate.
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