Instrument Landing System
In the context of aerospace engineering, an Instrument Landing System (ILS) is a ground-based system that provides precision guidance to an aircraft approaching and landing on a runway, using a combination of radio signals and, in many cases, high-intensity lighting arrays to enable a safe landing during inclement weather, poor visibility conditions, or at night. The system consists of two independent subsystems — one providing lateral guidance (localizer), the other vertical guidance (glide slope) — to pilots for landing. The localizer provides the aircraft with information about its lateral position, left or right, in relation to the runway's centerline. The glide slope does the same for the vertical position, i.e., descent or ascent, relative to a predefined path for descent. The ILS is designed to be interoperable with a variety of aircraft systems, making it a universal tool for safe and efficient aircraft landings.
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