Fly-by-wire

Fly-by-wire (FBW) is a system in aerospace engineering that replaces the conventional manual flight controls of an aircraft with an electronic interface. The movements of flight controls are converted to electronic signals transmitted by wires (hence the term 'fly-by-wire'), and flight control computers determine how to move the actuators at each control surface to provide the ordered response. The fly-by-wire system also allows automatic signals sent by the aircraft's computers to perform functions without the pilot's input, as in systems that automatically help stabilize the aircraft, or prevent unsafe operation of the aircraft outside of its performance envelope. In these systems, input from the pilot or autopilot is converted to electronic signals which are then sent to actuators that move the control surfaces. The advantages of FBW are that it reduces the weight and complexity of the aircraft, increases its reliability, and enhances its control capabilities.
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